A system is rational if it does the 'right thing', given what it knows.
In terms of thinking humanly, AI is the automation of the activities we associate with human thinking, such as decision making, problem solving and learning.
In terms of thinking rationally, AI is the study of the computations that make it possible to perceive, reason, and act.
In terms of acting humanly, AI is the study of how to make computers do things at which, at the moment, people are better at.
In terms of acting rationally, AI is the study of the design of intelligent agents.
The Turing test was designed to provide a satisfactory operational definition of intelligence. A computer passes the test if a human interrogator after posing some written questions cannot tell from the responses whether it is a human or a computer.
Total Turing test includes a videos signal, in order to test the subjects' perceptual abilities.
A rational agent is one that acts to achieve the best outcome or, when there is uncertainty, the best expected outcome.
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